F3 Water Resources On The Earth

Where Does Water Come From?

Water is

• an important element【元素 】 on the Earth
• essential【必需】 for _______________ human survival【人類生存】
• used for _______________ domestic purposes【家庭目的】, _______________ agricultural【農業的】 activities and generation of electricity【發電】

Water exists【存在】 in three states【狀態】: ice( _______________ solid【固體】), water( _______________ liquid【液體】) and water vapour( _______________ gas).

The movement of water is _______________ driven by the _______________ energy of the sun.

Water changes from one state【狀態】 to the other between the _______________ atmosphere【大氣層】, the _______________ land, and the _______________ sea continuously【一直地】.

Water Cycle

1. _______________ Evaporation【蒸發】 / _______________ Transpiration【蒸騰作用】 –>
2. _______________ Condensation【凝結】 –>
3. _______________ Precipitation【降雨】 –>
4. _______________ Infiltration【滲透】 / _______________ Water runoff –>
5. _______________ Groundwater / _______________ Oceans

A _______________ river basin【河盆】, also known as _______________ drainage basin, is the area of land drained by a river and its tributaries【支流】. A _______________ watershed【分水嶺】, usually a highland or a _______________ ridge【山脊】 is an imaginary【假想】 line that separates【分隔】 two neighbouring【相鄰】 river basins.

The _______________ Amazon River Basin【亞馬遜河盆】 in South America is the largest river basin in the world.

A mature【成熟】 river consists of【由......組成】 three sections – the _______________ upper course【上游】, the _______________ middle course【中游】 and the _______________ lower course【下游】.

What Is The Global Distribution Pattern Of Water Resources?

Water resources【水資源】 refer to the _______________ freshwater【淡水】 that is readily available【可用的 】 for human use. Freshwater accounts for _______________ 3% the world’s total water, most of it is frozen【冰封】 or stored _______________ underground.

The distribution of freshwater is _______________ uneven in the world. Normally, places with _______________ higher rainfall often have more freshwater resources. However, having more freshwater resources does not mean having a secure water supply. It is because the amount of water available for use is also affected by _______________ the size of population.