F2 The climate of Hong Kong

Climate is the _______________ atmospheric conditions【大氣狀況】 of a place within a _______________ short period of time while weather is the _______________ average weather conditions【平均天氣狀況】 of a certain【某些】 place within a _______________ long period of time, usually 30 years.

Hong Kong has a _______________ subtropical【亞熱帶】 climate.

Summer

1. _______________ hot and wet
2. _______________ rainy, 80% of annual【全年】 rainfall occurs
3. has _______________ typhoon occasionally【偶爾】

Winter

1. _______________ cold and dry
2. Temperature may sometimes below 10 °C

The wind direction in Hong Kong changes with seasons and is mainly affected by the _______________ monsoon【季風】 system. _______________ Onshore southwesterly or _______________ southeasterly winds blow in summer and _______________ offshore northwesterly or _______________ northeasterly winds blow in winter.

Changes in the climate of Hong Kong reported by the Hong Kong Observatory:

Temperature

• the _______________ average temperature【平均溫度】 has increased
• _______________ more hot nights and _______________ fewer cold days

Rainfall

• increase in _______________ annual【全年】 total but the amount is _______________ small
• Rain fall in _______________ urban【市區】areas is higher

Cloud amount

• Cloud amount has _______________ increased

Wind speed

• _______________ decreasing wind speed in urban areas.

Visibility【能見度】

• A _______________ marked increase【顯著增加】 in hours of low visibility in the past 20 years
• low visibility = visibility below 8km

Extreme【極端】 weather events

• More extreme _______________ hot days(≥33°C) and extreme _______________ rainfall (≥100mm/hour)
• _______________ Fewer extreme cold days(day time temperature ≤4°C)