F2 The negative impacts of earthquakes

The magnitude【強度】 of earthquakes is measured by the _______________ Richter Scale【黎克特震級】. The higher the magnitude, the _______________ powerful the earthquake is.

The impacts of earthquakes can be divided into two types

1. Primary effects【直接影響】: _______________ collapse of buildings【建築物倒塌】/trees, _______________ damage of bridges/roads
2. Secondary effects【次生影響】: _______________ tsunamis【海嘨】, _______________ landslides【山體滑坡】

Level of earthquake destruction【損壞】

1. Richter Scale 1 – 2.9 : can only be detected【檢測】 by _______________ seismometers【地震儀】
2. 3 – 3.9 : can be felt by people who live on _______________ upper floors
3. 4 – 5.9 : everyone can feel the earthquake and _______________ poorly designed【設計不佳】/built buildings will be damaged
4. 6 – 8.9 : _______________ widespread【廣泛的破壞】 damage happens and some buildings collapse【倒塌】
5. 9+ : Ground surface is badly _______________ cracked【破裂】, almost total destruction【損壞】.